The terrible Battle of the Sambre.

 The terrible Battle of the Sambre.

The Second Battle of the Sambre (4 November 1918) (which included the Second Battle of Guise, and the Battle of Thiérache was part of the final European Allied offensives of World War I.

By November 1918, German resistance was falling away. Unprecedented numbers of prisoners were taken in the Battle of the Selle, and a new attack was quickly prepared.

The French First Army and the British First, Third, and Fourth Armies were tasked with advancing from south of the Condé Canal along a 30-mile front toward Maubeuge-Mons, threatening Namur. Together with the American forces breaking out of the forests of Argonne, this would, if successful, disrupt the German efforts to reform a shortened defensive line along the Meuse.

At dawn on 4 November, 17 British and 11 French divisions headed the attack. The Tank Corps, its resources badly stretched, could provide only 37 tanks for support.

The first barrier to the northern attack was the 60–70-foot wide Sambre Canal and the flooded ground around it. It was there that the BEF had fought over four years earlier. 

The XIII and IX Corps reached the canal first. 

German guns quickly ranged the attackers, and bodies piled up before the temporary bridges were properly emplaced under heavy fire. 

The 1st and 32nd Divisions of IX Corps lost around 1,150 men in the crossing, Even after the crossing the German forces defended in depth amid the small villages and fields, and it was not until midday that a 2 miles deep by 15 miles wide breach was secured.

Further north, IV and V Corps attacked into Forêt de Mormal. 

At Le Quesnoy, the Germans defence was haphazard: the 13th Royal Welsh Fusiliers hardly needed to use their guns, while the 9th Battalion of the 17th Division lost all but two officers and 226 of 583 soldiers. 

Despite this, the advance continued and the battle objectives were reached on the 4th or the following day.

To the south, the French First Army attacked, capturing the communes of Guise (the Second Battle of Guise) and Origny-en-Thiérache (the Battle of Thiérache).

This resulted in a bridgehead almost 50 miles long being made, to a depth of 2 – 3 miles.

From this point, the northern Allies advanced relentlessly, sometimes more than five miles a day, until the Armistice Line of 11 November,

The South Notts Hussars (C & D Companies of the 100th (Warwickshire and South Notts Yeomanry) Battalion Machine Gun Corps) were involved in the battle.

On November 4th, the guns of C Company were placed on the cleared spaces of Mormal Forest, the enemy’s position there being strongly defended by machine gun posts, with C company also suffering very heavy shell fire from German Guns,

D Company was also in action, attached to the 25th Machine Gun Battalion.

The two companies’ casualties being two other ranks killed, and eleven other ranks wounded.

For their part in the battle, The South Notts Hussars were awarded the Battle Honour ‘Sambre.

Don't forget to leave your thoughts in the Comments section below.